STORY
4. Paul's Case
by Willa Cather
SUMMARY
"Paul's Case" by Willa Cather is a
poignant short story that delves into the complex psychology of a young man
named Paul, who feels stifled by his mundane life and yearns for the glamour
and excitement of the world beyond. This narrative examines the clash between
societal norms and individual desires, ultimately leading Paul down a path of
rebellion and self-destruction.
The story is set in early 20th-century
Pittsburgh and revolves around Paul, a sensitive and artistic teenager, who
struggles to fit into the confines of his working-class surroundings. The
contrast between his yearning for beauty, luxury, and sophistication and the
gritty reality of his life sets the stage for his inner turmoil.
Paul finds solace in his job as an usher at
Carnegie Hall, where he is exposed to the elegance and refinement he craves.
However, this exposure intensifies his discontent with his life, leading to his
alienation from his family, teachers, and peers. Paul's detachment from his
surroundings is evident in his disdain for his classmates, whom he views as
coarse and uninteresting.
His rebellious nature culminates in a series
of events that ultimately lead to his downfall. He embezzles money from his job
and escapes to New York City, where he indulges in a luxurious lifestyle far
removed from his previous reality. He dines at expensive restaurants, stays in
posh hotels, and immerses himself in the world of art and entertainment.
However, this newfound extravagance is short-lived, as the gap between his
fantasies and reality widens, and he becomes increasingly desperate to maintain
his façade.
Paul's story serves as a cautionary tale
about the consequences of succumbing to escapist fantasies and rejecting societal
norms. His extravagant behavior isolates him further, leading to his inevitable
downfall. As his funds dwindle, he realizes the impossibility of sustaining his
desired lifestyle. The realization that his dreams are unattainable pushes him
to a breaking point.
The story's resolution is both tragic and
thought-provoking. Paul's realization that his fantasies will never become
reality leads him to make a final, irreversible decision. His tragic death,
marked by a symbolic leap in front of an oncoming train, signifies his ultimate
attempt to escape the confines of his life, albeit through a tragic and
irreversible act.
"Paul's Case" explores themes of
alienation, the clash between reality and fantasy, and the destructive
consequences of pursuing escapist dreams. Through Paul's character, Cather
invites readers to contemplate the complexities of the human psyche and the
dangers of rejecting the world in favor of unattainable ideals.
In conclusion, "Paul's Case" by
Willa Cather is a poignant exploration of the human desire for something more,
even if it means sacrificing one's sense of belonging and societal acceptance.
Paul's journey from alienation to rebellion to tragic demise serves as a
cautionary tale about the destructive power of escapism and the consequences of
rejecting reality for an unattainable fantasy. Cather's narrative skillfully
navigates the fine line between dreams and reality, highlighting the delicate
balance that shapes the human experience.
A. Multiple Choice Questions
1. Paul was studying in.............................High School
as a boy.
a)
St. Xavier's
b)
St. Joseph
c)
St. Martin's
d)
Pittsburg
2. Paul was an expert in................................
a)
telling lies
b)
solving crosswords
c)
dancing
d)
singing
3. Paul started to work at
the....................................
a)
cinema
b)
theatre
c)
concert hall
d)
restaurant
4. After the concert was over,
Paul....................................
a)
followed the singer up to the hotel
b)
imagined that he is following the singer up to the hotel
c)
went his home straight
d)
wept in the hall for the singer
5. Paul lived in.................................
a)
Maple Street
b)
Cedar Street
c)
Elm Street
d)
Cordelia Street
6. Paul runs away from home and goes to...............
a)
New York
b)
Washington
c)
Chicago
d)
Boston
7. Paul commits suicides by...............................
a)
falling off a high building
b)
jumping in front of the passing train
c)
jumping into the river
d)
shooting himself on the head
Extra MCQs
1. What is the central theme of "Paul's Case" by Willa
Cather?
a)
The triumph of individual desires
b)
The joy of mundane life
c)
The clash between societal norms and individual desires
d)
The pursuit of artistic excellence
2. Where is the story "Paul's Case" primarily set?
a)
New York City
b) A
rural village
c)
Early 20th-century Pittsburgh
d)
Paris, France
3. What is Paul's attitude toward his working-class
surroundings?
a)
He feels comfortable and content.
b)
He is indifferent to his environment.
c)
He feels stifled and yearns for more.
d)
He believes it is a perfect fit for him.
4. How does Paul find solace from his mundane life?
a)
Through studying hard and getting good grades
b)
Through his job at Carnegie Hall
c)
Through traveling to exotic locations
d)
Through engaging in sports and physical activities
5. What does Paul yearn for in his life?
a)
Fame and fortune
b)
Glamour and excitement
c)
Simple pleasures and routines
d) A
peaceful and quiet existence
6. Why does Paul become increasingly discontented with his job
at Carnegie Hall?
a)
He dislikes the people he works with.
b)
He is underpaid for his work.
c)
It exposes him to a world he can't attain.
d)
He doesn't enjoy the responsibilities.
7. How does Paul's rebellion manifest in the story?
a)
He engages in illegal activities.
b)
He starts a protest movement.
c)
He quits his job.
d)
He embezzles money and escapes.
8. What is the consequence of Paul's detachment from his
surroundings?
a)
He becomes a social outcast.
b)
He gains popularity among his peers.
c)
He becomes a highly respected student.
d)
He finds solace in his isolation.
9. How does Paul attempt to bridge the gap between his yearnings
and reality?
a)
By working harder at his job
b)
By seeking guidance from his family
c)
By embezzling money and living extravagantly
d)
By joining an artists' collective
10. What is Paul's ultimate realization about his dreams?
a)
They are easily attainable with hard work.
b)
They are unrealistic and unattainable.
c)
They require a supportive family.
d)
They can be achieved through education.
11. What impact does Paul's extravagant behavior have on his
relationships?
a)
It brings him closer to his family.
b)
It isolates him further from others.
c)
It helps him form new friendships.
d)
It leads him to reconnect with his teachers.
12. What is the climax of "Paul's Case"?
a)
Paul's escape to New York City
b)
Paul's reconciliation with his family
c)
Paul's final act of rebellion
d)
Paul's pursuit of a career in the arts
13. What does Paul's ultimate decision to jump in front of a
train symbolize?
a)
His triumph over adversity
b)
His acceptance of his mundane life
c)
His rejection of societal norms
d)
His desire to travel
14. Which of the following is NOT a theme explored in
"Paul's Case"?
a)
The power of escapism
b)
The conflict between art and science
c)
The clash between reality and fantasy
d)
The consequences of rebellion
15. How does Willa Cather use the character of Paul to convey
her message?
a)
Paul is a heroic figure who triumphs over adversity.
b)
Paul represents the epitome of contentment.
c)
Paul serves as a cautionary example of escapist behavior.
d)
Paul is a symbol of societal conformity.
16. What does the term "escapist fantasies" refer to
in the story?
a)
Fantasies involving adventure and danger
b)
Fantasies about achieving success in one's career
c)
Fantasies involving supernatural elements
d)
Fantasies of escaping from one's current reality
17. How does the story's setting in early 20th-century
Pittsburgh contribute to the narrative?
a)
It showcases the idyllic countryside.
b)
It adds a touch of mystery to the story.
c)
It serves as a backdrop for Paul's yearnings.
d)
It highlights Paul's love for urban living.
18. What is the main lesson readers can learn from Paul's story?
a)
One should always conform to societal norms.
b)
Escaping reality is the key to happiness.
c)
Pursuing unrealistic fantasies can lead to downfall.
d)
The pursuit of art should always be supported.
19. How does Paul's experience at Carnegie Hall affect his
outlook on life?
a)
It reinforces his contentment with his surroundings.
b)
It intensifies his discontent and yearnings.
c)
It convinces him to become a musician.
d)
It helps him bond with his family.
20. What is the significance of Paul's tragic death in the
context of the story's themes?
a)
It represents his triumph over adversity.
b)
It symbolizes his reconciliation with reality.
c)
It underscores the dangers of escapism and the rejection of societal norms.
d)
It signifies his success in attaining his dreams.
B. Short Questions
1. How does the author describe Paul?
In
"Paul's Case," the author, Willa Cather, describes Paul as a young
man who is discontented with his life and yearns for a more glamorous and
extravagant existence. He is depicted as being different from his peers, with
an air of superiority and a sense of being misunderstood. Paul is discontent
with the ordinary and mundane aspects of his life, finding the routine of
school and his family's expectations to be suffocating.
Cather
portrays Paul as having a fascination with art, music, and the world of luxury
and wealth. He is drawn to the elegance and sophistication of the theater,
where he feels a sense of belonging and acceptance. Paul's desire for a grander
life leads him to become delusional and disconnected from reality.
Despite
his intelligence and potential, Paul is portrayed as reckless and impulsive. He
steals money from his employer to finance his extravagant escapades in New York
City, demonstrating a lack of moral compass. His actions are driven by a
longing for a life of splendor and a desire to escape the constraints of his
ordinary existence.
Overall,
Paul is depicted as a complex and conflicted character, torn between his
longing for a more glamorous life and the harsh realities of his circumstances.
His inner turmoil and misguided actions lead him down a destructive path,
ultimately resulting in a tragic ending.
2. How did Paul react in front of the teachers?
In
front of his teachers, Paul adopted a facade of politeness and respect,
presenting himself as a model student. He was well aware of the need to
maintain a favorable image in the eyes of his teachers to avoid drawing any
unnecessary attention or suspicion. Paul understood that conforming to social
norms and adhering to the expectations of authority figures was crucial in
order to continue his charade of being an obedient and dutiful student.
He
played the role of a diligent and well-behaved student during school hours,
knowing how to navigate the educational system to his advantage. Paul was
intelligent and capable, and he used his charm and wit to impress his teachers,
especially in subjects that interested him, such as art and literature. He
excelled in these areas and earned the admiration of some of his instructors.
However,
behind this facade, Paul harbored feelings of contempt and dissatisfaction with
his everyday life. He resented the routine of school and felt suffocated by the
expectations placed upon him. This internal struggle between his desire for a
more extravagant life and the constraints of his ordinary existence created a
sense of alienation and disconnection from his peers and teachers.
Despite
his outward appearance of compliance, Paul's teachers likely had little insight
into the depth of his unhappiness and the extent of his yearning for a life of
luxury and extravagance. They saw him as a promising student with potential,
unaware of the turmoil he was experiencing beneath the surface. Paul's true
feelings and desires remained concealed, allowing him to maintain the illusion
of a dutiful student while secretly plotting his escape from his ordinary life.
3. Why did Paul hate Cordelia Street?
Paul
hated Cordelia Street, his home neighborhood, because he perceived it as dull,
common, and suffocating. To him, it represented everything ordinary and
mundane, which clashed with his extravagant and artistic sensibilities. The
residents of Cordelia Street were working-class people, and their lives
revolved around mundane routines and responsibilities, which Paul found
stifling.
As
a teenager with dreams of grandeur and a longing for a life of luxury, Paul
despised the simple and frugal lifestyle of his family and neighbors. The
street's modest houses and conservative values felt like a prison to him,
limiting his freedom and potential for self-expression. He yearned for a life
of elegance, sophistication, and wealth, which he believed he deserved.
Moreover,
Paul's perception of Cordelia Street was influenced by his own feelings of
alienation and difference from those around him. He considered himself special
and superior to his peers, viewing them as incapable of appreciating beauty and
culture as he did. This sense of superiority fueled his disdain for his
surroundings and intensified his desire to escape and lead a life of
extravagance.
Additionally,
Paul's interactions with his father, who worked hard to provide for the family,
further contributed to his negative feelings about Cordelia Street. He saw his
father as a symbol of mediocrity and resented the working-class values he
represented. This resentment drove Paul to reject the life his family led and
fueled his determination to break free from his ordinary existence.
In
summary, Paul's hatred for Cordelia Street stemmed from his desire for a more
glamorous and luxurious life, his sense of superiority, and his discontent with
the ordinary and mundane nature of his surroundings and family life.
4. Why did Paul use the basement window to get into his house?
In
the story "Paul's Case," Paul used the basement window to get into
his house because he was trying to avoid being noticed or confronted by his
father. After his extravagant behavior at the concert and subsequent suspension
from school, Paul knew that his father would be waiting for him at home, and he
feared facing his disapproval and anger.
Paul's
father was a strict and practical man, and he did not understand or appreciate
Paul's desire for a life of luxury and extravagance. He wanted Paul to focus on
his studies, work hard, and lead a responsible, ordinary life. However, Paul
was rebellious and felt stifled by his father's expectations.
By
using the basement window, Paul could sneak into the house without being seen
by his father, allowing him to delay facing the consequences of his actions. He
hoped to avoid any confrontation or argument and buy some time to figure out
his next move. Paul's desire to escape his ordinary life and experience the
thrill of grandeur led him to take impulsive actions, such as running away from
home, and using the basement window was a part of this attempt to avoid the
consequences of his behavior.
It's
important to note that Paul's actions throughout the story reflect his desire
to distance himself from his family and the life they represent. He sees them
as the embodiment of everything he despises—mundane, common, and lacking in
sophistication. Using the basement window symbolizes his rejection of his
family's values and his longing to escape into a world of elegance and luxury.
5. What kind of pattern Paul's father thinks for his son. Who
was the role model for him?
Paul's
father believes in a strict and practical pattern for his son's life. He values
hard work, responsibility, and adherence to societal norms. He wants Paul to
focus on his studies, get a stable job, and lead a conventional life. Paul's
father views extravagance and indulgence as frivolous and wasteful pursuits,
and he disapproves of Paul's desire for a life of luxury and grandeur.
Paul's
father's role model is his own brother, who is described as a successful
businessman. The uncle's lifestyle and career success serve as an example of
the kind of life Paul's father wants for his son. He sees his brother's
conventional and disciplined approach to life as the right path to follow.
However,
Paul is fundamentally different from his father and uncle. He craves beauty,
art, and elegance, and he yearns for a life of luxury and sophistication. He
finds the routine and mundane life of Cordelia Street suffocating and
unfulfilling. This disconnect between Paul's desires and his father's
expectations creates a deep sense of alienation and rebellion in Paul.
Throughout
the story, Paul tries to escape his ordinary life and immerse himself in a
world of beauty and splendor, which leads to his eventual downfall. His
father's inability to understand or appreciate Paul's yearnings contributes to
the widening gap between them. This lack of understanding and acceptance drives
Paul to seek out an extravagant and daring lifestyle, which ultimately results
in a tragic outcome. The story explores the tension between the dreams of youth
and the expectations of parents, emphasizing the importance of understanding
and empathy in family relationships.
6. Why did Paul find himself at ease at the theatre at Carnegie Hall?
Paul
found himself at ease at the theatre in Carnegie Hall because it offered him a
glimpse into the world of luxury, art, and sophistication that he craved.
Unlike his mundane and ordinary life on Cordelia Street, the theatre
represented a realm of elegance, beauty, and high culture. Paul was captivated
by the opulence and grandeur of the place, which allowed him to escape from the
restrictions and expectations of his everyday life.
At
Carnegie Hall, Paul could immerse himself in a world of music, art, and
performance, which resonated deeply with his inner desires for a more
extravagant and refined existence. The luxurious surroundings, the glamorous
audience, and the talented performers all contributed to Paul's sense of
belonging and enchantment.
The
theatre became a place where Paul could briefly escape from the drudgery and
limitations of his working-class background. It allowed him to experience the
life he yearned for, even if only for a short time. The contrast between his
dull reality and the magical world of the theatre made him feel alive and
invigorated.
Additionally,
Paul's fascination with the theatre was not just about the external trappings;
it was also about the artistic and emotional experience it provided. The
performances stirred something deep within him, awakening his imagination and
fueling his desire for a life filled with beauty and passion.
In
summary, Paul found himself at ease at the theatre at Carnegie Hall because it
fulfilled his longing for a life of luxury and artistic splendor. It offered
him an escape from the constraints of his everyday existence and allowed him to
temporarily live in a world of enchantment and refinement.
7. How did Paul compare and contrast his school and theatre
world?
Paul
compared and contrasted his school and theatre world in the following ways:
1.
Monotony vs. Glamour: Paul saw his school life as monotonous and dull. The routine
of attending classes, doing homework, and adhering to strict rules felt
suffocating to him. In contrast, the theatre world represented glamour,
excitement, and a break from the mundane. The opulence of Carnegie Hall and the
allure of the performances were a stark contrast to the drab school
environment.
2.
Restrictions vs. Freedom: At school, Paul felt confined by societal norms and
the expectations of his teachers and parents. He was expected to be respectful,
obedient, and focused on his studies. On the other hand, the theatre offered
him a sense of freedom. It allowed him to escape the constraints of his
everyday life and immerse himself in a world of artistic expression and
emotional release.
3.
Conformity vs. Individuality: In school, Paul was expected to conform to
societal norms and fit into the mold of a responsible student. He felt like an
outsider and believed that his teachers and peers did not understand him. In
contrast, the theatre world celebrated individuality and creativity. It allowed
Paul to express himself freely and be captivated by the uniqueness of the
performances and the people in the audience.
4.
Mundane vs. Enchanting: Paul saw his school life as mundane, predictable, and
devoid of excitement. The theatre world, however, was enchanting and
captivating. The performances transported him to a realm of beauty and artistry
that he longed for in his own life.
5.
The Ordinary vs. the Extraordinary: For Paul, his school life represented the
ordinary and the commonplace. The theatre world, on the other hand, was
extraordinary and larger-than-life. It was a place where dreams came true and
where he could experience a life of grandeur and sophistication.
In
summary, Paul saw the theatre world as a stark contrast to his school life. It
represented everything he desired – glamour, freedom, individuality,
enchantment, and the extraordinary. The allure of the theatre drew him in and
made him yearn for a life beyond the confines of his everyday existence.
8. How did Paul boast of visiting fashionable towns with his
friends?
In
"Paul's Case," Paul boasted about visiting fashionable towns with his
friends by fabricating elaborate stories of his extravagant adventures. He
wanted to impress his peers and teachers with tales of his glamorous life
outside of school. Paul would regale his classmates with stories of trips to
New York, Chicago, and other sophisticated cities, where he claimed to have
stayed at luxurious hotels, attended extravagant parties, and mingled with wealthy
and influential individuals.
In
reality, Paul's tales were all lies. He had never been to these places or
experienced the high society he described. His stories were a desperate attempt
to create a false identity and escape from his mundane and unsatisfying life.
Paul craved attention and admiration from others, and he believed that by
pretending to have an exciting life, he could gain the admiration he so
desperately desired.
Paul's
boasting was also fueled by his desire to be seen as exceptional and different
from his peers. He felt like an outsider at school, and by creating these
grandiose stories, he hoped to set himself apart as someone special and unique.
He wanted to be admired and envied by his classmates, even if it meant
deceiving them and living in a fantasy world of his own creation.
However,
as the story unfolds, it becomes evident that Paul's boasting only serves to
alienate him further from those around him. His lies are eventually exposed,
and he faces the consequences of his actions. The stark contrast between his
fabricated world of glamour and the reality of his mundane life becomes
increasingly apparent, leading to a tragic and heartrending conclusion.
9. How did Paul do shopping in New York for the first time?
In
"Paul's Case," when Paul visited New York for the first time, he
experienced an exhilarating sense of freedom and luxury. He went on a shopping
spree, indulging in extravagant purchases to further enhance his fantasy of
living a grandiose life. Paul had stolen a substantial amount of money from his
employer, the firm where he worked as an usher at Carnegie Hall, to finance his
trip to New York and fund his lavish spending.
During
his shopping expedition, Paul splurged on high-end clothing and accessories,
choosing the most fashionable and expensive items he could find. He wanted to
immerse himself in the world of luxury and glamour that he had always yearned
for. Paul's shopping spree was not just about acquiring material possessions;
it was a way for him to escape his mundane reality and embrace the fantasy he
had created for himself.
Paul
relished the feeling of being in a city that embodied everything he desired -
sophistication, elegance, and extravagance. He reveled in the attention he
received from salespeople in upscale boutiques, enjoying the sense of being
recognized and admired for his apparent affluence.
However,
the reality of Paul's situation soon caught up with him. His reckless spending
and stolen money were discovered, leading to dire consequences. His escape to
New York and the false identity he had constructed came crashing down,
ultimately leading to a tragic end for the young boy who desperately sought to
escape the confines of his ordinary life.
10. Describe Paul's first experience at the hotel in New York.
Paul's
first experience at the hotel in New York was a mix of excitement and
nervousness. He had run away from home to pursue his fantasy of a grand and
luxurious lifestyle, and now he found himself in the heart of the city he had
always dreamt about.
When
Paul entered the hotel, he was struck by its opulence and grandeur. The lobby
was filled with beautifully dressed people, and the atmosphere exuded elegance
and sophistication. He felt a sense of exhilaration, as if he had finally stepped
into the world he had always imagined.
Paul
was acutely aware of his appearance and demeanor, knowing that he needed to fit
in with the wealthy guests. He tried to act nonchalant and composed, as if he
belonged there, though he couldn't help but feel a bit out of place.
As
he approached the reception desk, Paul tried to maintain an air of confidence
while checking in. He had selected an assumed name, "Clark," to
further distance himself from his old life. Using this new identity, he
interacted with the hotel staff, hoping to be perceived as a sophisticated
guest.
Despite
his efforts, there were moments when Paul's façade wavered, and his nervousness
became apparent. He fumbled with his gloves and worried about how he was being
perceived by the staff and other guests. However, he managed to keep up his act
and continued to play the part of a wealthy and important guest.
Once
in his room, Paul was thrilled with its luxuriousness. He admired the expensive
furnishings, the soft carpets, and the overall elegance of the suite. Being in
such a lavish environment only fueled his desire for the extravagant life he
had always desired.
Paul's
first experience at the hotel was both a realization of his fantasy and a
reminder of the reality he was trying to escape. While he basked in the allure
of the hotel's luxury, he was also aware of the precariousness of his
situation. Deep down, he knew that this was all a temporary escape, and the
consequences of his actions would eventually catch up with him.
11. How did Paul manage money to go to New York?
In
the story, "Paul's Case," the details of how Paul managed the money
to go to New York are not explicitly provided. However, it is implied that Paul
stole the money to fund his trip.
Before
running away to New York, Paul had been entrusted with handling the weekly
banking for his employer, Mr. Denny, at the firm where he worked. It is
suggested that Paul had been stealing money from the firm over time, which
eventually amounted to a significant sum. The story mentions that the exact
amount of money he took was not known, but it was enough to support his
extravagant lifestyle and fund his escape to New York.
Paul's
desire for a life of luxury and grandeur led him to take drastic measures,
including stealing, to fulfill his dreams. He was discontented with his
ordinary life in Cordelia Street and felt stifled by the limitations imposed
upon him by his family, teachers, and society. As a result, he sought to break
free and immerse himself in the world of glamour and sophistication he believed
he deserved.
By
appropriating money that did not belong to him, Paul made a desperate attempt
to create the illusion of the life he desired. However, this decision
ultimately led to dire consequences and a tragic ending for the young
protagonist.
12. How did Paul spend time with a San Francisco boy?
In
"Paul's Case," the story continues with Paul spending a wild night
with a San Francisco boy he met in New York City. They venture out together to
explore the nightlife and return to the hotel the next morning after an
extravagant evening. Despite their initial camaraderie, the parting in the
elevator is distant and cool. Paul wakes up feeling disoriented and hungover,
but he manages to maintain his composure and conceal any suspicious behavior
from the hotel management.
Paul
revels in the luxurious lifestyle he has adopted, finding pleasure in his
surroundings and possessions. He enjoys the solitude and comfort of his
sitting-room during winter twilights, appreciates his extravagant clothes, wide
divan, and cigarette, and feels a sense of power and self-satisfaction. The
freedom from constant lying and the ability to live a life of grandeur without
the need for boastful pretensions restore his self-respect.
Remarkably,
Paul shows no signs of remorse or guilt for his reckless behavior. He remains
unapologetic and content in his newfound life of extravagance. Each day is a
golden opportunity for him, and he strives to make every moment perfect.
Despite the excessive indulgence and self-gratification, he manages to maintain
an air of dignity and refinement, never becoming loud or obnoxious, even when
under the influence of wine.
Paul's
obsession with the glamorous world he has embraced and his desire for a life
beyond the mundane and ordinary drive him further away from his former life in
Cordelia Street. He is now entangled in a web of deception, extravagance, and a
constant yearning for grandeur, creating a stark contrast between his current
reality and the world he left behind.
13. What did Paul know by reading the Pittsburg newspaper?
After
a wild night out with a San Francisco boy, a freshman at Yale, Paul woke up at
two o'clock in the afternoon feeling thirsty and dizzy. He called for
ice-water, coffee, and the Pittsburgh papers. Despite his excesses, Paul
managed to maintain his composure and not draw suspicion from the hotel
management. He enjoyed his newfound wealth with dignity and never behaved
boisterously. His chief indulgence was in his surroundings, relishing the quiet
moments in his sitting-room, surrounded by flowers, fine clothes, and his
comfortable bed. He felt a sense of power and peace he had never experienced
before.
Notably,
Paul was no longer burdened by the need to lie to be noticed and admired, as he
did back home on Cordelia Street. Now he could "dress the part" of
the person he wanted to be without pretensions. Interestingly, he felt more
manly and honest in his newfound identity. Despite his extravagance, he lacked
remorse for his actions.
As
his days in New York went by, Paul continued living in splendor, making each
day perfect. On the eighth day, the affair was covered in detail in the
Pittsburgh papers, indicating that the local news there lacked sensational
stories. Paul's actions were exposed to his hometown, but it is not clear how
he reacted to this revelation or how it affected him emotionally.
14. Why did Paul think of committing suicide?
In
the story "Paul's Case," Paul contemplates committing suicide after
his extravagant and deceptive life in New York City comes crashing down.
Despite his temporary escape from his mundane existence in Pittsburgh, Paul's
actions catch up to him, and his fraudulent behavior is exposed in the
newspapers. The revelation that his escapade has been publicly exposed brings a
profound sense of shame and humiliation to Paul.
The
idea of returning to his old life on Cordelia Street, where he would be scorned
and seen as a failure, becomes unbearable for Paul. He feels trapped and sees
no way out of his predicament. The gap between his dreams of a luxurious and
extraordinary life and the reality of his circumstances becomes insurmountable,
leaving him feeling utterly defeated.
The
story doesn't explicitly delve into the reasons behind Paul's suicidal
thoughts, but it can be inferred that the immense pressure of maintaining his
false identity, combined with the fear of facing the consequences of his
actions, leads him to consider such a drastic measure. Paul is deeply
dissatisfied with his life and feels disconnected from the world around him.
The weight of his deception and the disillusionment he experiences push him to
the brink of desperation.
However,
the story leaves the reader uncertain about whether Paul ultimately goes
through with his suicidal thoughts or not. The narrative ends on an ambiguous
note, with Paul's fate left to the reader's interpretation.
15. How did Paul end his life?
"Paul's
Case" is a widely distributed short story centered around a teenage boy
named Paul, who is portrayed as spoiled and discontented with his mundane life.
He attends school, does his homework, respects his teachers, and maintains good
relationships with his friends and family, but all of this feels like a burden
to him. Paul yearns for a carefree and extravagant existence, rejecting the
constraints of established moral and social norms.
Feeling
suffocated by his ordinary life in Pittsburgh, Paul dreams of escaping to a
world of opulence and grandeur. He is infatuated with the theater and luxurious
lifestyle of the actors he encounters, viewing them as symbols of the life he
desires. Paul is drawn to the allure of wealth, beauty, and glamour,
considering them the keys to his liberation.
Paul's
dissatisfaction with his reality drives him to make reckless decisions. He
steals money from his employer, feigns sickness to skip school, and ultimately
runs away to New York City with the stolen funds. In the bustling city, Paul
indulges in the extravagance he has always craved. He stays in luxurious hotels,
buys expensive clothes, and attends grand parties, embracing a lifestyle far
removed from his previous existence.
However,
Paul's pursuit of a hedonistic life comes at a cost. He is eventually caught
and confronted by his father, who brings him back to Pittsburgh. The clash
between Paul's dreams and his actual circumstances leads to a tragic
resolution. Confronted with the harsh realities of his actions, Paul feels
cornered and defeated, unable to reconcile his desires with the world he must
face.
The
story serves as a cautionary tale, highlighting the consequences of
recklessness and the dangers of discontentment. Paul's misguided pursuit of an
unattainable life of splendor leads to his downfall, emphasizing the importance
of accepting one's circumstances and finding contentment in the present. The
narrative explores the clash between youthful dreams and the responsibilities
of adulthood, ultimately portraying Paul's escapism as a wrong and futile
choice.
C. Long Questions
1. How do you interpret Paul's presentation in the
principal's office? Normal/abnormal/tricky/indecent? Give reasons.
In
"Paul's Case," Paul's presentation in the principal's office can be
interpreted as abnormal and tricky, with elements of indecency. Paul's behavior
in this scene stands out as peculiar and manipulative, driven by his desire to
escape his current reality and indulge in a life of extravagance and grandeur.
Firstly,
Paul's demeanor in the principal's office is strikingly different from what one
would expect from a typical student. He appears nonchalant and unapologetic,
showing no remorse for his actions. Instead of feeling guilty or ashamed of his
deceitful behavior, Paul seems almost proud of his actions, confident that he
has outsmarted the adults around him.
Secondly,
Paul's elaborate lies and deceptions to justify his behavior are indicative of
a tricky and cunning personality. He spins a web of stories, claiming that the
flowers he purchased were for a girl who had recently died, and that he needed
to attend the symphony to honor her memory. This manipulation of emotions and
exploitation of tragic events to serve his own desires display his lack of
empathy and disregard for the feelings of others.
Moreover,
Paul's extravagant and reckless spending of money, which he stole from his
employer, further highlights his indecent and unethical behavior. He shows no
consideration for the consequences of his actions, both on himself and others,
and seems solely focused on fulfilling his extravagant fantasies.
Overall,
Paul's presentation in the principal's office is abnormal because it showcases
a young man who is detached from reality and consumed by his own desires. His
behavior is tricky, as he weaves complex lies to evade responsibility, and it
is indecent because he is willing to exploit others and engage in unethical
actions to attain his extravagant lifestyle. His presentation ultimately
reflects a troubled and discontented soul, searching for an escape from the
constraints of his ordinary life, regardless of the consequences.
2. Suppose you are Paul and you are living in Pittsburg at the
beginning of the 20th century. Write a monologue explaining what the world
around you is like and what you really want to do. Include why the school,
home, society and church give you a kind of burden.
You
know, living in Pittsburgh in the early 20th century is like being trapped in a
cage of expectations, and I'm desperate to break free. The world around me
feels suffocating, with school, home, society, and even the church placing
burdens on my shoulders that I can barely bear.
At
school, they expect me to conform to this rigid structure of education. It's
all about memorizing facts and figures, regurgitating information without truly
understanding it. But I want more than that. I crave knowledge that goes beyond
textbooks, a learning that's alive and meaningful. The pressure to excel in
exams, to maintain high grades, it's a heavy weight on my mind and soul. I want
to explore the world, to understand its complexities, and to learn from real
experiences, not just from the pages of a textbook.
And
then there's home. My parents, they mean well, but they have these dreams for
me that I'm not sure I share. They want me to continue their legacy, to follow
in their footsteps, but what if my dreams are different? What if my heart
yearns for something beyond their expectations? The burden of fulfilling their
hopes for me leaves me feeling torn, torn between their love and my own
desires.
Society,
oh society, it's like this sea of judgment and conformity. There are unwritten
rules that I'm supposed to follow, roles that I'm expected to fit into. But I
can't help but feel like an outsider. I don't want to be just another face in
the crowd, another cog in the machine. I long to be authentic, to embrace my
uniqueness and stand out from the crowd. But the pressure to conform, to fit
in, it's stifling.
Even
the church, a place that's meant to offer solace and understanding, adds to my
burden. They have their set of beliefs and rules, and I'm full of questions,
doubts. I want my faith to be a personal journey, a connection to something
greater, but sometimes it feels like I'm suffocating under the weight of their
dogma.
What
I really want is freedom. Freedom to explore, to dream, to be myself without
judgment or expectations. I yearn to chase my own passions, to discover my true
self, and to forge my own path in this world. I want to break away from the
chains of conformity and embrace my individuality.
In
my heart, I know that true happiness lies in being true to myself, in following
my own path, even if it means facing resistance and criticism. I want a world
that celebrates uniqueness, that encourages each person to be their authentic
self.
So,
amidst all these burdens, my dream is to fly free, to break through the
barriers and live a life that feels true to me. I want to soar beyond the
expectations of school, home, society, and even the church, and find my own
place in this vast world. I'm determined to pursue my dreams, to carve out my
own destiny, and to finally breathe freely in a world that embraces
individuality and celebrates the spirit of each unique soul.
3. Who do you think responsible for Paul's bad case? His
upbringing/American schooling/American Society /his mental shortcomings/his
peer group?
Paul's
bad case can be attributed to a combination of factors, and it's important to
recognize that it's not just one single cause that led to his situation. The
responsibility is shared among various elements in his life:
a.
Upbringing: Paul's parents and home environment played a role in shaping his
values and aspirations. Their narrow view of success and expectations for him
to conform to societal norms influenced his desire for extravagance and a life
beyond his means. However, it's essential to remember that parents can only
guide to a certain extent, and children have their own agency and choices.
b.
American Schooling: The rigid and conventional education system in early
20th-century America also contributed to Paul's dissatisfaction. The emphasis
on memorization and conformity stifled his creativity and individuality. The
lack of opportunities to explore his passions and interests within the
educational setting could have left him feeling unfulfilled.
c.
American Society: The society of the time placed significant importance on
material success and the pursuit of wealth. Paul was exposed to this
materialistic culture, which may have fueled his desire for a grand lifestyle.
The pressure to keep up appearances and achieve the American dream could have
added to his sense of burden.
d.
His Mental Shortcomings: Paul's own mental state and vulnerabilities, such as
his desire for admiration and his belief that he was different from others,
contributed to his choices and actions. His inability to cope with the
challenges and disappointments he faced also played a role in his downward
spiral.
e.
His Peer Group: Paul's association with a wild and carefree crowd, like the San
Francisco boy he met, encouraged his reckless behavior. Peer pressure and the
desire to fit in with a certain group could have pushed him further into a
world of extravagance and deception.
It's
important to recognize that while external factors played a role in Paul's
downfall, individuals have their own agency and choices in how they respond to
circumstances. Paul had the ability to make different choices, seek help, or
change his path, but he succumbed to his desires and fantasies, leading to the
tragic consequences of his actions.
Ultimately,
Paul's case is a complex interplay of various factors, and it serves as a
cautionary tale about the consequences of succumbing to unrealistic dreams and
desires without considering the real-world implications.
4. After reading the story, what kinds of similarities and
differences do you find in Pittsburg and New York? After all, why did Paul
choose New York?
After
reading the story, several similarities and differences can be observed between
Pittsburg and New York:
Similarities:
a.
Urban Environment: Both Pittsburg and New York are bustling cities with a
fast-paced urban lifestyle. They offer opportunities for people seeking
excitement and adventure.
b.
Social Pressure: In both cities, there is a certain level of social pressure to
conform to societal norms and expectations. This pressure may influence
individuals like Paul to seek validation and recognition through material
possessions and extravagant displays.
c.
Materialistic Culture: Both cities are influenced by the materialistic culture
of the early 20th century America, where success and wealth are highly valued.
d.
Access to Luxury: While New York may have more lavish opportunities, both
cities offer access to luxury and extravagance that can allure someone like
Paul, who craves a grand lifestyle.
Differences:
a.
Size and Scope: New York is a much larger and cosmopolitan city compared to
Pittsburg. It is the epicenter of art, culture, and finance, offering a wider
range of experiences and opportunities.
b.
Diversity: New York is known for its diversity and multiculturalism, which
provides a vibrant atmosphere with a melting pot of people and ideas.
Pittsburg, though diverse, may not have the same level of cultural richness.
c.
Social Scene: New York has a more sophisticated and glamorous social scene,
attracting artists, actors, and wealthy individuals. This aspect would appeal
to Paul's desire to be associated with high society.
d.
Theatrical Opportunities: New York is renowned for its theaters and performing
arts, making it an attractive destination for someone like Paul, who is
enamored with the world of the arts.
Paul
chose New York because it represented the epitome of everything he yearned for
- luxury, extravagance, and a life of splendor. New York's allure lay in the vast
opportunities it provided for him to fulfill his fantasies and aspirations. As
a city known for its grand theaters, fashionable social circles, and a vibrant
lifestyle, New York held the promise of the life Paul desired. He believed that
by immersing himself in the cultural capital of the country, he could escape
the burdens of his ordinary life in Pittsburg and become the exceptional person
he yearned to be. However, Paul's inability to separate reality from his
illusions ultimately led to his downfall and tragic end in the city he thought
would set him free.
5. Do you think consumerist attitude of the society is
responsible for Paul's case? Why or why not?
Yes,
the consumerist attitude of society played a significant role in Paul's case.
The story of "Paul's Case" explores the destructive effects of
materialism and the relentless pursuit of wealth, luxury, and social status.
a.
Shallow Values: The society in which Paul lives places a high value on material
possessions, wealth, and social status. This consumerist attitude promotes the
idea that one's worth is defined by what they own and how they are perceived by
others. This shallow value system influences Paul to desire a life of
extravagance and grandeur, even if it means resorting to deceit and theft to
achieve it.
b.
Desire for Recognition: Paul's consumerist attitude is driven by his desire for
recognition and admiration from others. He believes that by surrounding himself
with luxury and associating with the upper class, he will gain the admiration
and respect he craves. The societal emphasis on status and appearance fuels his
yearning for a grander life.
c.
Escapism: The consumerist society offers the allure of escapism from one's
ordinary life. For Paul, his mundane existence in Pittsburg becomes burdensome,
and he sees New York as the place where he can escape his reality and immerse
himself in a world of luxury and opulence.
d.
Lack of Genuine Connection: Paul's consumerist attitude drives him to
prioritize material possessions and social status over genuine human
connections. He uses his wealth and extravagance as a façade to mask his inner
emptiness and lack of meaningful relationships.
e.
Trapped in Illusions: The consumerist society perpetuates the idea that
material wealth and success will bring happiness and fulfillment. However, as
Paul discovers, his pursuit of these external symbols of success only leads him
deeper into a world of illusions, further alienating him from reality and
genuine happiness.
In
conclusion, the consumerist attitude of society in "Paul's Case"
plays a central role in the character's downfall. Paul's obsession with
material possessions, luxury, and status drives him to make reckless decisions
and leads him to a tragic end. The story serves as a cautionary tale, warning
against the dangers of prioritizing materialism over genuine human connections
and inner fulfillment.
Best of Luck
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